Senegalia senegal
Britton
Fabaceae
Classification of the genus Acacia (in the wider sense) has been subject to considerable debate. It is generally agreed that there are valid reasons for breaking it up into several distinct genera, but there has been disagreement over the way this should be done. As of 2017, it is widely (but not completely) accepted that the section that includes the majority of the Australian species should retain the name Acacia, whilst other sections of the genus should be transferred to other genera. This species is transferred to Senegalia[
K- Title
- Plants for a Future
- Author
- Ken Fern
- Description
- Notes from observations, tasting etc at Plants For A Future and on field trips.
].
Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.
Acacia verek Guill. & Perr.
Common Name: Gum Arabic
General Information
Senegalia senegal is a low-growing, thorny, deciduous shrub or small tree with a rounded canopy; it can grow up to 15 metres tall[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
]. The bole is usually very short, with branches being produced from near ground level[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
]. The tree bears short, black prickles, normally in threes, with the central one curved downwards[
].
The tree is the major source of the valuable gum 'Gum Arabic' and is commonly harvested from the wild and traded internationally[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
,
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
]. The tree is also an important local source of food, medicines and materials, being commonly harvested from the wild. It is ofte grown in agroforestry and to preserve and improve the soil.
Known Hazards
Especially in times of drought, many Acacia species can concentrate high levels of the toxin Hydrogen cyanide in their foliage, making them dangerous for herbivores to eat.
Botanical References
200- Title
- The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Huxley. A.
- Publisher
- MacMillan Press
- Year
- 1992
- ISBN
- 0-333-47494-5
- Description
- Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.
Range
Drier regions of Africa - Senegal to Ethiopia and Somalia, south to Natal; Arabian Peninsula; Indian subcontinent.
Habitat
Hot, dry regions[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
]. Dry scrub and wooded grassland at elevations of 500 - 1,650 metres[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
].
Properties
Edibility Rating |      |
Medicinal Rating |      |
Other Uses Rating |      |
Habit | Deciduous Shrub |
Height | 6.00 m |
Growth Rate | Slow |
Pollinators | Bees, Insects |
Cultivation Status | Wild |
Cultivation Details
A plant for the drier tropical areas, where it can be found at elevations from 100 - 1,700 metres[
]. Tolerates a minimum temperature of about 15°c[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
]. Plants can tolerate high daily temperatures, but are sensitive to frost[
,
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
]. Prefers areas where the mean annual rainfall is 300 - 400mm, but can survive with as little as 100mm and a dry period of 8 - 11 months[
].
Grows best in a moist, well-drained, neutral to acid soil[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
,
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
]. Gum production is best when the plant grows in a poor soil[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
]. Prefers a pH in the range 5 - 8[
774- Title
- Trees and Shrubs of the Sahel. Their Characteristics and Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- von Maydell H.
- Publisher
- Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit; Germany
- Year
- 1990
- ISBN
- 3-8236-1198-4
- Description
- A well-researched book, usually with more than one photograph of each species and good information on the plant and its uses.
]. Established plants are very drought tolerant[
,
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
].
Plants can be coppiced and pollarded[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
].
Wood yields of 120 - 190 cubic metres per hectare, with annual increments of 0.5 - 1.0 cubic metres per hectare have been recorded[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
].
The gum exudes from ducts in the inner bark; it is tapped in the hot season when the trees are stressed. Tapping begins when trees are 4 - 5 years old, commencing after leaf fall and ceasing during the colder months of the dry season. Gum nodules form in 3 - 8 weeks, exuding from the former broken abscission scars[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
].
Care should be taken to keep the gum clean[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
].
Annual yields stand at 188 - 2,856g for young trees and 379 - 6,754g for older trees (7-15 years). Gum production is excellent on poor soils and higher in stressed trees[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
].
This species has a symbiotic relationship with certain soil bacteria, these bacteria form nodules on the roots and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Some of this nitrogen is utilized by the growing plant but some can also be used by other plants growing nearby[
200- Title
- The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Huxley. A.
- Publisher
- MacMillan Press
- Year
- 1992
- ISBN
- 0-333-47494-5
- Description
- Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.
].
Edible Uses
The gum obtained from the trunk is important in the food industry, where it is used as an emulsifier, stabilizer and flavour fixative[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
]. It is also used as an additive (E414) that retards the crystallization of sugar[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
]. It is found especially in products such as chewing gum and confectionery[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
].
The gum is harvested after the rainy season by scraping it off the trunk and branches from which it oozes[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
]. Unhealthy trees tend to give higher yields and incisions are sometimes made into the bark in order to increase yields[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
].
Seed[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
]. The dried seed is cooked as a protein source[
]. The dried seed is the main component of panchkut, a delicacy in Jodhpur, India, also containing fruits of Capparis decidua, Cucumis sativa and Prosopis cinerearia[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
].
Medicinal
The gum obtained from the trunk has soothing properties and forms a protective coating over inflamed tissue, reducing irritation and encouraging healing[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
]. It is taken internally, often in the form of pastilles, to treat sore throats, coughs and catarrh[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
]. It is also often added to proprietary mixtures used in the treatment of dysentery and diarrhoea[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
].
Externally, it is used in the treatment of sores, burns and leprosy[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
].
The bark, leaves and gum contain tannins and are used as an astringent to treat colds, ophthalmia, diarrhoea and haemorrhages[
299- Title
- Protabase - Plant Resources of Tropical Africa.
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.prota.org
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent on-line database with detailed information on over 3,200 species of useful plants of Africa.
].
The roots are used to treat dysentery, gonorrhea and nodular leprosy[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
].
The seeds contain fat (khakhan), which is used in medicine[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
].
Agroforestry Uses:
The plant is sometimes used in soil improvement and dune stabilization schemes[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
]. It is used as a pioneer species to re-establish woodland in dry areas[
].
Intercrops well with plants such as sorghum and millet[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
]. It is highly suitable for use in agroforestry systems in combination with watermelon, millet, forage grasses etc[
]. In Sudan it is grown in 'gum gardens' for gum production as well as to restore soil fertility[
].
Other Uses
The gum obtained from the trunk has a variety of uses, including adding lustre to crape and silk, thickening colours, calico printing, manufacturing ink and as a mucilage[
46- Title
- Dictionary of Economic Plants.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Uphof. J. C. Th.
- Publisher
- Weinheim
- Year
- 1959
- ISBN
- -
- Description
- An excellent and very comprehensive guide but it only gives very short descriptions of the uses without any details of how to utilize the plants. Not for the casual reader.
].
Careful 'wounding' of the trunk is required for sustainable gum production[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
]. The cut should be only just deep enough for the gum to exude[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
].
Cordage is made from the roots, either directly or after beating to extract the fibres; its strength makes it suitable for well ropes and fishing nets[
299- Title
- Protabase - Plant Resources of Tropical Africa.
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.prota.org
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent on-line database with detailed information on over 3,200 species of useful plants of Africa.
,
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
].
An oil obtained from the seed is used for making soap[
299- Title
- Protabase - Plant Resources of Tropical Africa.
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.prota.org
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent on-line database with detailed information on over 3,200 species of useful plants of Africa.
,
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
].
A dye is obtained from the seeds[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
].
The twigs are used as chewing sticks in order to clean the teeth and maintain oral hygiene[
1447- Title
- Antimicrobial Activity of Tanzanian Chewing Sticks Against Oral Pathogenic Microbes
- Publication
- Pharmaceutical Biology, 38:3, 235-240; 2000
- Author
- Maryam N. Khan, Olipa Ngassapa & Mecky I.N. Matee
- Website
- https://doi.org/10.1076/1388-0209(200007)3831-SFT235
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 2000
- ISBN
-
- Description
-
]. The bark contains compounds with antimicrobial activity and is best left on the stem when chewing[
1447- Title
- Antimicrobial Activity of Tanzanian Chewing Sticks Against Oral Pathogenic Microbes
- Publication
- Pharmaceutical Biology, 38:3, 235-240; 2000
- Author
- Maryam N. Khan, Olipa Ngassapa & Mecky I.N. Matee
- Website
- https://doi.org/10.1076/1388-0209(200007)3831-SFT235
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 2000
- ISBN
-
- Description
-
].
The heartwood is almost black and takes polish well[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
]. The wood is used for posts, poles, tool handles, sugar cane crushers etc[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
,
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
].
The dense wood is an excellent fuel and is also made into charcoal[
396- Title
- Useful Trees and Shrubs in Eritrea
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bein. E.; Habte. B.; Jaber. A.; Birnie. A. & Tengnas. B.
- Publisher
- Regional Soil Conservation Unit: Nairobi
- Year
- 1996
- ISBN
- 9966-896-24-4
- Description
- A very well written and concise guide to almost 200 species. It gives a brief description of each plant together with its habitat, uses, propagation and cultivation. Line drawings of each plant are also included It can be downloaded from the internet
]. The calorific value is estimated at 3,000 kcal/kg[
303- Title
- World Agroforesty Centre
- Publication
-
- Author
-
- Website
- http://www.worldagroforestry.org/
- Publisher
-
- Year
- 0
- ISBN
-
- Description
- An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant - its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc.
].
Propagation
Seed - unlike other acacias, the seed coat is not impermeable to water even after storage, and scarification is normally not necessary[
]. Germination is improved, however, if the seed is pre-soaked for 24 hours in warm water prior to sowing[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
,
]. The seed can be sown in individual pots, preferably deep pots to allow the taproot to develop[
]. It usually germinates quickly and freely, sprouting best at a temperature around 21°c[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
]. Plants make a deep taproot and resent root disturbance, they should be planted out into their permanent positions as soon as possible[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
].
Semi-ripe cuttings of lateral shoots[
238- Title
- Encyclopaedia of Herbs and their Uses.
- Publication
-
- Author
- Bown. D.
- Publisher
- Dorling Kindersley, London.
- Year
- 1995
- ISBN
- 0-7513-020-31
- Description
- A very well presented and informative book on herbs from around the globe. Plenty in it for both the casual reader and the serious student. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant.
].