Common Name:

General Information

Ilex uniflora is an evergreen shrub or a small tree, usually growing around 1.5 - 8 metres tall[].
The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a source of wood, and possibly as a medicine,
It is inferred that the population of Ilex uniflora has declined by at least 30% due to deforestation and exploitation of the speces for timber use. The species has a small area of occupancy, below 500 km2. The population is severely fragmented and there is continuing decline in population size and habitat. The plant is classified as 'Endangered' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2020)[].

Known Hazards

Although no specific reports of toxicity have been seen for this species, Ilex species in general contain several potentially toxic compounds, particularly saponins, glycosides and triterpenoids. These compounds also often have a range of potential health benefits[, , ].
The berries are usually the part of the plant most likely to be toxic, though the degree of toxicity is usually low. Their bitter flavour usually prevents a person eating more than one or two, but even a small handful of the fruit eaten by a healthy adult is unlikely to cause more than feelings of nausea that can lead on to vomiting and diarrhoea[].
The compounds in the leaves are particularly interesting. The leaves of many Ilex species around the world are commonly used to make health-promoting teas that, when drunk on a regular basis, help to regulate bodily functions and can reduce the risk of heart disease, lower blood-cholesterol levels etc (See Ilex paraguariensis or Ilex kaushue for examples)[]. Even these teas, however, if taken in very concentrated doses, can act as a laxative or cause vomiting. Indeed, several species are used by traditional peoples to induce vomiting as a means of purifying the body (see Ilex guayusa or Ilex vomitoria for examples)

Botanical References

Range

Western S. America - Peru, Ecuador, Colombia

Habitat

Dense andean evergreen humid forest, deciduous: dense forest on the Pâramo of Colombia, low humid mountain forest, montane cloud forests; at elevations from 2,600 - 3,800 metres[, ].

Properties

Conservation Status	Endangered
Medicinal Rating
Other Uses Rating
Habit	Evergreen Tree
Height	4.00 m
Cultivation Status	Wild

Cultivation Details

Ilex species generally tolerate most soils that are not water-logged[].
A dioecious species, both male and female forms need to be grown if fruit and seed are required[].

Edible Uses

None known

Medicinal

The plant is used medicinally. No more details.

Other Uses

The wood is used[]. No more information

Propagation

Seed -

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