Common Name: Nopal de Culebra

General Information

Opuntia decumbens is a usually spiny, evergreen, succulent shrubby cactus with branches that creep along the ground with their tips raised; it grows around 20 - 50cm tall[].
The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a food and a fuel.
Opuntia decumbens has a wide range, is abundant, and is not exposed to any significant threat. The plant is classified as 'Least Concern' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2017)[].

Known Hazards

The plant has numerous minutely barbed glochids - these are barbed spines that are usually small to minute and are very sharp and brittle. The glochids are very easily dislodged when the plant is touched and can penetrate the skin where, because of their barbs, they become stuck and are very difficult to see and remove. They can cause considerable irritation and discomfort[, ].
Opuntia species can contain quite high levels of oxalic acid, especially in older parts of the plant. Perfectly alright in small quantities, foods containing oxalic acid should not be eaten in large amounts since it can lock-up other nutrients in the food, especially calcium, thus causing mineral deficiencies. The oxalic acid content will be reduced if the plant is cooked. People with a tendency to rheumatism, arthritis, gout, kidney stones or hyperacidity should take especial caution if including this plant in their diet since it can aggravate their condition[, ].

Botanical References

Range

C. America - Panama, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, north to central Mexico

Habitat

Tropical deciduous forests[].

Properties

Conservation Status	Least Concern
Edibility Rating
Other Uses Rating
Habit	Evergreen Shrub
Height	0.35 m
Pollinators	Bees, Insects
Cultivation Status	Wild

Cultivation Details

Not known

Edible Uses

Stem segments - raw or cooked[]. The stem segments are obovate, elliptical, or widely ovate, generally prostrate, around 7 - 18cm long, and 5 - 10cm wide[].
The tender young stem segments of various species are often cooked as a vegetable[]. Known as ‘nopals’ in Mexico, where they are a common ingredient in numerous dishes, they can be eaten raw or cooked, used in marmalades, soups, stews and salads. The most commonly used species are Opuntia ficus-indica and Opuntia matudae, although the stems of almost all Opuntia species are edible[, ].
The pear-shaped, reddish purple fruit is free of spines, around 25 - 40mm long and 18 - 3mm in diameter[].

Medicinal

We have no specific information on medicinal uses for this species, but the following notes are likely to apply universally to Opuntia species and other related genera[].

The flesh of tender young stem segments can be applied as a poultice to reduce inflammation[].
The mucilage and soluble fibre found in the flowers and stem segments have been shown to help control blood-sugar levels associated with adult-onset diabetes[].
There is clinical evidence that the soluble fibre in the stem segments helps reduce blood cholesterol levels[].

Other Uses

The plant is used for fuel for cooking etc[].

Propagation

Seed -

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