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Useful Tropical Plants

Lithocarpus philippinensis

(A.DC.) Rehder

Fagaceae

+ Synonyms

Lithocarpus oligocarpus A.Camus

Lithocarpus rizalensis (Merr.) Rehder

Lithocarpus wenzelii (Merr.) Rehder

Quercus philippinensis A.DC.

Quercus rizalensis Merr.

Quercus wenzelii Merr.

Synaedrys philippinensis (A.DC.) Koidz.

Synaedrys wenzelii (Merr.) Koidz.

Common Name: Palayon

No Image.

General Information

Lithocarpus philippinensis is an evergreen shrub or a tree, usually growing from 4 - 30 metres tall with a bole that can be 18 - 30cm in diameter[
338
Title
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://www.iucnredlist.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A list of plants under threat and facing possible extinction, usually with brief details of the threats and information on habitat.
,
451
Title
Flora Malesiana Series 1
Publication
 
Author
Various
Website
http://www.archive.org
Publisher
Nationaal Herbarium Nederiand, Universiteit Leiden branch
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A massive treatment of the plants of the Malaysian Archipelago. Much of it has been made available to download from the Internet
].
The plant can be a good source of edible nuts which are essential for subsistence in some Philippine communities. The wood is used locally and is a good source of lumber for domestic construction purposes in some local communities[
338
Title
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://www.iucnredlist.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A list of plants under threat and facing possible extinction, usually with brief details of the threats and information on habitat.
].
Although the population size of Lithocarpus philippinensis is currently not known, a continuous decline is expected due to threats of shifting agriculture, urbanization, commodity-driven deforestation, large-scale forestry operations, and climatic adversities within its range. However, despite these threats affecting the species' population and the quality and extent of its natural habitat, the plant is currently classified as 'Least Concern' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2020)[
338
Title
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://www.iucnredlist.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A list of plants under threat and facing possible extinction, usually with brief details of the threats and information on habitat.
].

Known Hazards

None known

Botanical References

451
Title
Flora Malesiana Series 1
Publication
 
Author
Various
Website
http://www.archive.org
Publisher
Nationaal Herbarium Nederiand, Universiteit Leiden branch
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A massive treatment of the plants of the Malaysian Archipelago. Much of it has been made available to download from the Internet

Range

Southeast Asia - Philippines

Habitat

Submontane to upper montane tropical forests, sometimes on very steep slpes; at elevations from 500 - 2,300 metres[
338
Title
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://www.iucnredlist.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A list of plants under threat and facing possible extinction, usually with brief details of the threats and information on habitat.
,
451
Title
Flora Malesiana Series 1
Publication
 
Author
Various
Website
http://www.archive.org
Publisher
Nationaal Herbarium Nederiand, Universiteit Leiden branch
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A massive treatment of the plants of the Malaysian Archipelago. Much of it has been made available to download from the Internet
].

Properties

Conservation StatusLeast Concern
Edibility Rating *  *  *
Other Uses Rating *  *
HabitEvergreen Tree
Height10.00 m
PollinatorsInsects, Wind
Cultivation StatusWild

Cultivation Details

Lithocarpus philippinensis is a plant of the moist tropics, where it is usually found at elevations up to 2,300 metres[
451
Title
Flora Malesiana Series 1
Publication
 
Author
Various
Website
http://www.archive.org
Publisher
Nationaal Herbarium Nederiand, Universiteit Leiden branch
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A massive treatment of the plants of the Malaysian Archipelago. Much of it has been made available to download from the Internet
]. The varous species in this genus usually grow in regions where there can be year-round rainfall, generally disliking dry seasons.
In the wild, Lithocarpus species are mainly found in well-drained soils, often growing on slopes. In cultivation they tend to be tolerant of a range of soil textures and to prefer an acid to neutral pH. Young plants usually grow sucessfully in the shade of woodland, but older trees like a more sunny position.

Edible Uses

Seeds - cooked. They can be roasted or boiled and are also used as an ingredient in candies[
324
Title
Edible Nuts.
Publication
Non-Wood Forest Products, Handbook 5
Author
Wickens G.E.
Website
http://www.fao.org/docrep/
Publisher
FAO, Rome.
Year
1995
ISBN
92-5-103748-5
Description
Detailed information on 20 of the most valuable nut crops, plus more basic information on a wide range of other nut-producing plants. It can be downloaded from the Internet.
,
338
Title
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://www.iucnredlist.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A list of plants under threat and facing possible extinction, usually with brief details of the threats and information on habitat.
,
1978
Title
Food and fruit-bearing forest species. 2: Examples from Southeastern Asia
Publication
FAO Forestry Papers 44/2
Author
Willan R.L. (Editor)
Publisher
FAO; Rome.
Year
1984
ISBN
92·5·102153·8
Description
 
]. Sometimes the nut is extracted from the shell and cooked with brown sugar as candies and desserts[
1978
Title
Food and fruit-bearing forest species. 2: Examples from Southeastern Asia
Publication
FAO Forestry Papers 44/2
Author
Willan R.L. (Editor)
Publisher
FAO; Rome.
Year
1984
ISBN
92·5·102153·8
Description
 
]. The ovoid, ripe fruit is 15 - 20mm in diameter and 17 - 21mm long, with a woody wall about 1mm thick[
451
Title
Flora Malesiana Series 1
Publication
 
Author
Various
Website
http://www.archive.org
Publisher
Nationaal Herbarium Nederiand, Universiteit Leiden branch
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A massive treatment of the plants of the Malaysian Archipelago. Much of it has been made available to download from the Internet
].
The seed (or acorn) is a rich source of carbohydrates and would almost certainly have been eaten by traditional peoples, especially in times of shortage. The main disadvantage is that the seed is also likely to contain bitter-tasting, astringent tannins. Traditionally, these tannins would have been largely removed either by leaching the seeds in water or by baking them. The seeds can be eaten raw but would usually be cooked whole or be dried and ground into a powder that can then be used to make a gruel, or as a thickener in soups and stews, or as an additive to flour for making bread, cakes etc[
K
Title
Plants for a Future
Author
Ken Fern
Description
Notes from observations, tasting etc at Plants For A Future and on field trips.
].

Medicinal

None known

Other Uses

The bark of most species is rich in tannins and can be used as a dye and preservative for ropes etc[
899
Title
Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak Vols 1 - 6
Publication
 
Author
Soepadmo E.; Saw L.G.; Chung R.C.K. (Editors)
Publisher
Forest Research Institute Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur.
Year
2002
ISBN
983-2181-27-5
Description
A flora of the woody plants of Sabah and Sarawak on the island of Borneo, often giving details of plant uses.
].

The wood is probably used locally[
338
Title
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://www.iucnredlist.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A list of plants under threat and facing possible extinction, usually with brief details of the threats and information on habitat.
].
The wood is used for furniture, axe and hammer handles, general house construction and interior work[
1978
Title
Food and fruit-bearing forest species. 2: Examples from Southeastern Asia
Publication
FAO Forestry Papers 44/2
Author
Willan R.L. (Editor)
Publisher
FAO; Rome.
Year
1984
ISBN
92·5·102153·8
Description
 
]..

Propagation

Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe. Germination is usually good, grow the seedlings on in light shade until they are 20cm or more tall and then plant out into permanent positions.
Cite as: Tropical Plants Database, Ken Fern. tropical.theferns.info. 2024-11-10. <tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Lithocarpus+philippinensis>

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