Common Name: Jhingangummi

General Information

Lannea coromandelica is a deciduous tree usually growing 5 - 10 metres tall but with some specimens up to 20 or even 30 metres tall with a bole 45cm in diameter[, , ].
The plant is a popular herbal remedy in India, where it is harvested in quantity from the wild and traded in markets. The plant is also gathered from the wild for a range of local uses as food and source of various materials. It is also cultivated in some areas of the tropics as a hedge plant and roadside tree[].
Lannea coromandelica has a wide native range, is also found across a wide elevation range and no significant threats
are identified for the species. The plant is classified as 'Least Concern' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2021)[].

Known Hazards

None known

Botanical References

,

Range

E. Asia - southern China, Indian subcontinent, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam.

Habitat

Lowland and hill forests at elevations of 100 - 1,800 metres[]. Dry forests in India and Myanmar[].

Properties

Conservation Status	Least Concern
Edibility Rating
Medicinal Rating
Other Uses Rating
Habit	Deciduous Tree
Height	8.00 m
Self-fertile	No
Cultivation Status	Cultivated, Ornamental, Wild

Cultivation Details

Succeeds in tropical and subtropical zones at elevations up to 1,800 metres. Grows best in areas where the mean annual temperature falls within the range 32 - 40°c, but can tolerate 8 - 47°c[]. Plants are killed at temperatures below -2.5°c[]. Prefers a mean annual rainfall of 1,200 - 2,000mm, tolerating 600 - 3,800mm[].
Grows best in a sunny position[]. Succeeds in most soils of moderate fertility, tolerating poor soils[]. Prefers a pH in the range 5 - 6.5, but tolerates 4.5 - 8[].
In its more common, dry woodland environment, the tree is usually small and somewhat ungainly - in moister conditions, however, it can become a handsome, spreading tree[]. The valuable heartwood is generally only formed in sufficient quantity from trees grown in moister conditions[].
The tree flowers when leafless[].
The tree is resistant to fire[].
A dioecious species, both male and female forms need to be grown if seed is required.

Edible Uses

Young leaves and sprouts - raw or cooked[]. Eaten as a vegetable[, , ]. Eaten as a lalab (a vegetable salad served with sambal) with rice[].

The gum obtained from the trunk is often used in confectionery[].

The powdered bark is used as a flavouring[].

The ripe fruits are eaten raw[].

Medicinal

The leaves are boiled and applied as a healing poultice to local swellings, sprains, bruises, elephantiasis and various pains of the body[, ].
The juice of the bark and the leaves is applied as a lotion in the treatment of ulcers[].

The bark is astringent and stimulant. It is used in the treatment of gout[].
The bark is applied topically in the treatment of boils, burns, impetigo, toothache and ulcers[, , , ]. A decoction of the bark is used as a treatment for aphthae of the mouth and for toothache[].
The dried and powdered bark is often used as a tooth powder[].
The bark contains tannins and is astringent.

The inner bark is used as a poultice on festering wounds, sores or boils[].

A gum obtained from the stems is used in the treatment of asthma, and is given as a cordial to women during lactation[].
The gum is mixed with coconut milk and applied on sprains and bruises with beneficial results[].

The stem bark and the gum are used to treat gastric troubles[, ].

Agroforestry Uses:

The plant can be grown as a hedge[]. It is easily propagated by cuttings and so can be grown as a living fence[].

Other Uses

The bark contains tannins[, , , ]. It is used for the impregnation of fishnets[].

The stem bark and the gum act as a mosquito repellant[].

A soluble resin, called 'Jingan gum' is obtained from the stems[]. It is used for calico printing; as a size for paper; for mixing with lime when whitewashing; protecting nets etc[, ]. It is obtained by making shallow, short cuts all over the bark[]. Especially after injuries of the bark and trimmings, masses of glassy-white exudate of hardening gum appear - which may give leafless trees an eerie appearance[]. A good quality gum[]. The gum is of inferior quality[].

The bark yields a coarse cordage fibre[].

The heartwood is light red when freshly cut, turning reddish-brown on exposure[]. The wood is moderately hard, close-grained[]. It is used for spear shafts, scabbards, wheel-spokes, oil presses, grain pounders etc[].
The wood is used for fuel[].

Propagation

Seed - it only has a short viability and so needs to be sown as soon as possible[].
Cuttings - very easy, even large branches usually root[].

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Captcha: if i have 3 bananas, and i eat them all, how many bananas did i just eat?