Common Name:

General Information

Ilex embelioides is an evergreen tree that can grow up to 12 metres tall.
The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a medicine and source of materials.
Ilex embelioides is threatened by anthropogenic use of its native habitat. The species habitat is currently fragmented and in decline due to various activities including agriculture, urban expansion and selectively logging and harvesting for uses such as timber and fuel[].

Known Hazards

Although no specific reports of toxicity have been seen for this species, Ilex species in general contain several potentially toxic compounds, particularly saponins, glycosides and triterpenoids. These compounds also often have a range of potential health benefits[, , ].
The berries are usually the part of the plant most likely to be toxic, though the degree of toxicity is usually low. Their bitter flavour usually prevents a person eating more than one or two, but even a small handful of the fruit eaten by a healthy adult is unlikely to cause more than feelings of nausea that can lead on to vomiting and diarrhoea[].
The compounds in the leaves are particularly interesting. The leaves of many Ilex species around the world are commonly used to make health-promoting teas that, when drunk on a regular basis, help to regulate bodily functions and can reduce the risk of heart disease, lower blood-cholesterol levels etc (See Ilex paraguariensis or Ilex kaushue for examples)[]. Even these teas, however, if taken in very concentrated doses, can act as a laxative or cause vomiting. Indeed, several species are used by traditional peoples to induce vomiting as a means of purifying the body (see Ilex guayusa or Ilex vomitoria for examples)

Botanical References

Range

E. Asia - northeast India, ?Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand

Habitat

Evergreen tropical and subtropical forests[].

Properties

Medicinal Rating
Other Uses Rating
Habit	Evergreen Tree
Height	8.00 m
Cultivation Status	Wild

Cultivation Details

Ilex species generally tolerate most soils that are not water-logged[].
A dioecious species, both male and female forms need to be grown if fruit and seed are required.

Edible Uses

None known

Medicinal

The plant is used in traditional herbalism as a treatment for colds, coughs and tuberculosis[].

Other Uses

A black dye is obtained from the bark[].

Straight boles are used for house construction[]
The wood is used for fuel[].

Propagation

Seed - The seeds takes around 35 days to germinate[].

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