The genus Hydnocarpus is currently (2015) under review and there seems no clear and generally accepted treatment currently available. Because different authorities are treating the genus differently, we have included several species here where we are uncertain if we are using the correct name - or even if we are including it more than once under different names. Although its position is currently unresolved, this is one of the species we are more confident about[].

Common Name:

General Information

Hydnocarpus octandrus is an evergreen tree that can grow 12 - 15 metres tall[].
The tree is harvested from the wild for medicinal use.
The plant is classified as 'Vulnerable' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2013)[].

Known Hazards

Although we have seen no specific information for this species, the seeds of many members of this genus contain cyanogetic glycosides[, ]. In very small quantities this has been used medicinally, having been shown to stimulate respiration and improve digestion, it is also claimed to be of benefit in the treatment of cancer. In excess, however, it can cause respiratory failure and even death.

Botanical References

Range

E. Asia - southwest Sri Lanka

Habitat

Lowland wet evergreen forest[].

Properties

Conservation Status	Vulnerable
Medicinal Rating
Habit	Evergreen Tree
Height	12.00 m
Pollinators	Insects
Cultivation Status	Wild

Cultivation Details

Species in this genus generally require well-drained sandy or loamy silt soils and grow best along creek beds or on the banks of streams[].
Seeds tend to go rancid rather quickly. Therefore ripe fruits should be opened and the fruit pulp and aril removed from the seeds. Seeds are then washed and dried in the sun. Sun-dried seeds, either whole or broken, are cold-pressed or pressed under concurrent heating to extract the oil. The chemical composition of the end-product of these methods varies[].
A dioecious species, both male and female forms must be grown if fruit and seed are required.

Edible Uses

None known

Medicinal

The seeds are rich in an oil which is said to be a good source of chaulmoogra. Chaulmoogra oil is used to treat a range of skin problems (including leprosy), wounds etc[].
The spherical fruit is around 4 - 7cm in diameter, containing 4 - 12 or more seeds in a pulp[].

Other Uses

None known

Propagation

Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe, when it will usually germinate quickly. Germination of stored seed can be slow, with some species in the genus taking up to 2 years. Sow the seed in a shaded position in a nursery seedbed and keep moist. Grow on the seedlings in shade until large enough to plant out[].

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