Common Name: Red Cypress Pine

General Information

Callitris endlicheri is an evergreen tree with a spreading crown; it can grow up to 10 metres tall, with some trees said to reach 25 metres[, ].
The tree is harvested from the wild as a source of materials, especially a high quality wood and essential oil. It is logged commercially for its wood[]. It is grown as an ornamental in gardens where it can be used to provide sheltter from the wind.
This species is widespread in eastern Australia along the Great Dividing Range. Most subpopulations are in southern New South Wales and Victoria.Several isolated subpopulations occur on ranges in central Queensland. The plant is classified as 'Least Concern' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2013)[].

Known Hazards

None known

Botanical References

, ,

Range

Australia - Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland

Habitat

Poor sandy soils[]. Usually grows in shallow soils on rocky sites, often over siliceous substrates; at elevations from 100 - 1,050 metres[, ].

Properties

Conservation Status	Least Concern
Medicinal Rating
Other Uses Rating
Habit	Evergreen Tree
Height	20.00 m
Growth Rate	Slow
Pollinators	Wind
Cultivation Status	Ornamental, Wild

Cultivation Details

Callitris endlicheri is found in warm temperate to tropical regions of eastern Australia, usually growing in areas with low rainfall, generally around 350 - 800mm per year. It is not very frost hardy, tolerating occasional, short-lived temperatures down to around -7°c, and can only be grown outdoors in areas with mild winters, generally growing well in Mediterranean climates such as southern Europe, northern Africa and California[, ].
Requires a sunny position, growing well in sandy, well-drained soils[]. Grows well near the coast[]. Tolerant of acid soils and, when established, of drought[, ]. Intolerant of saline soils[].
Plants are highly flammable and so should not be planted near buildings in areas prone to bush fires[].
Plants are adapted to growing in regions subject to periodic bush fires - the seed is usually only released after a fire, germinating rapidly to re-occupy the site[].
A fairly slow-growing tree[].

Edible Uses

None known

Medicinal

Anthelmintic[]. The resin has been used as a worming agent for horses[].

Agroforestry Uses:

The plant is excellent as a windbreak[].

Other Uses

A resin obtained from the stumps of felled trees or the cut logs is used as a coating for pills[, ].

An essential oil is obtained by distillation of the fruit and twigs. It contains acetic acid, limonene, borneol and geranol[].

The bark contains 10 - 36% dry weight of tannin[, , ].

The resinous wood is very aromatic, very durable, insect-resistant, brittle, very flammable, hard, close grained. The wood is less durable than that of Callitris columellaris[]. It is used for construction, flooring, furniture making, cabinet making, fencing, ship building etc[, , , ].
The wood is used for fuel and to make charcoal[].

Propagation

Seed - does not require stratification, germinating at any time of the year if it becomes moist[]. Sow in a nursery seedbed. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on until large enough to plant out.

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