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Useful Tropical Plants

Oryza officinalis

Wall. ex Watt

Poaceae


This species is closely related to Oryza eichingeri and Orza rhizomatis[
1040
Title
The Wild Relatives of Rice, A Genetic Resources Handbook
Publication
 
Author
Vaughan D.A.
Website
http://irri.org/
Publisher
International Rice Research Institute; Philippines
Year
1994
ISBN
971-22-0057-4
Description
An excellent guide to the wild species of the genus Oryza. It gives good descriptions of the species, habitats etc and often gives details of uses. It can be downloaded from the Internet
].

+ Synonyms

Oryza latifolia silvatica A.Camus

Oryza malampuzhaensis Krishnasw. & Chandras.

Oryza minuta silvatica (A.Camus) Veldkamp

Common Name:

Oryza officinalis
Close-up of the seed
Photograph by: IRRI Photos
Creative Commons License

General Information

Oryza officinalis is a clump-forming, perennial grass with short rhizomes. The erect to semi-erect culms can be 120 - 230cm long[
310
Title
Plant Resources of Southeast Asia
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://proseanet.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
Lots of information on the uses of the plants of SE Asia.
,
1040
Title
The Wild Relatives of Rice, A Genetic Resources Handbook
Publication
 
Author
Vaughan D.A.
Website
http://irri.org/
Publisher
International Rice Research Institute; Philippines
Year
1994
ISBN
971-22-0057-4
Description
An excellent guide to the wild species of the genus Oryza. It gives good descriptions of the species, habitats etc and often gives details of uses. It can be downloaded from the Internet
]
Because they are a source of resistance to, or tolerance of, biotic and abiotic stresses, the most important use of the various species of wild rice is probably in breeding programmes to improve the species of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa, Oryza glaberrima). However, many are also valuable for use as food supplements and as famine foods when other crops fail. In many parts of South Asia, wild rice grains are used as an offering to Deities in the temples and can command a high price in the market where they are sold during religious festivals. This species is a kind of holy plant in Myanmar, and is protected within the sanctuaries of Buddhist temples. The plant is also used medicinally in China)[
310
Title
Plant Resources of Southeast Asia
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://proseanet.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
Lots of information on the uses of the plants of SE Asia.
].
The plant is classified as 'Least Concern' in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species(2013)[
338
Title
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://www.iucnredlist.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
A list of plants under threat and facing possible extinction, usually with brief details of the threats and information on habitat.
].

Known Hazards

None known

Botanical References

1040
Title
The Wild Relatives of Rice, A Genetic Resources Handbook
Publication
 
Author
Vaughan D.A.
Website
http://irri.org/
Publisher
International Rice Research Institute; Philippines
Year
1994
ISBN
971-22-0057-4
Description
An excellent guide to the wild species of the genus Oryza. It gives good descriptions of the species, habitats etc and often gives details of uses. It can be downloaded from the Internet

Range

E. Asia - southern China, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines to New Guinea and northern Australia.

Habitat

Edges of or in evergreen or deciduous forests; low, open vegetation; abandoned rice fields or fruit/plantain gardens; in seasonally wet areas, ditches, swampy/marsh places, by small water holes, sides of lake, streams, or rivers; to 1,500 metres[
1040
Title
The Wild Relatives of Rice, A Genetic Resources Handbook
Publication
 
Author
Vaughan D.A.
Website
http://irri.org/
Publisher
International Rice Research Institute; Philippines
Year
1994
ISBN
971-22-0057-4
Description
An excellent guide to the wild species of the genus Oryza. It gives good descriptions of the species, habitats etc and often gives details of uses. It can be downloaded from the Internet
].

Properties

Conservation StatusLeast Concern
Edibility Rating *  *
Other Uses Rating *  *
HabitPerennial
Height1.50 m
PollinatorsWind
Cultivation StatusWild

Cultivation Details


Succeeds in full sun and in partial shade. Prefers alluvial silt soils or sandy soils on limestone in the wild[
1040
Title
The Wild Relatives of Rice, A Genetic Resources Handbook
Publication
 
Author
Vaughan D.A.
Website
http://irri.org/
Publisher
International Rice Research Institute; Philippines
Year
1994
ISBN
971-22-0057-4
Description
An excellent guide to the wild species of the genus Oryza. It gives good descriptions of the species, habitats etc and often gives details of uses. It can be downloaded from the Internet
].
Growth is slow at the seedling stage. Oryza species form a group of C3- cycle plants. Flowering occurs near the end of the prevailing rainy season. Grains are usually deciduous and often have a strong dormancy[
310
Title
Plant Resources of Southeast Asia
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://proseanet.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
Lots of information on the uses of the plants of SE Asia.
].
Plants can be in flower at any time of the year[
1040
Title
The Wild Relatives of Rice, A Genetic Resources Handbook
Publication
 
Author
Vaughan D.A.
Website
http://irri.org/
Publisher
International Rice Research Institute; Philippines
Year
1994
ISBN
971-22-0057-4
Description
An excellent guide to the wild species of the genus Oryza. It gives good descriptions of the species, habitats etc and often gives details of uses. It can be downloaded from the Internet
].

Edible Uses

The red pericarp present in nearly all wild species is favoured by ethnic tribes and some urban people as having nutritional increments or is used for decorative purpose during festivities. On the other hand, if found in commercial lots, the red seed-coat carried by primitive cultivars lowers the grade of milled rice[
310
Title
Plant Resources of Southeast Asia
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://proseanet.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
Lots of information on the uses of the plants of SE Asia.
].

Medicinal

None known

Other Uses

Oryza officinalis is resistant to yellow stem borers, tungro virus and several planthoppers[
310
Title
Plant Resources of Southeast Asia
Publication
 
Author
 
Website
http://proseanet.org/
Publisher
 
Year
0
ISBN
 
Description
Lots of information on the uses of the plants of SE Asia.
].
Because they are a source of resistance to or tolerance of biotic and abiotic stresses, the most important use of the various species of wild rice is probably in breeding programmes to improve the species of cultivated rice[
1040
Title
The Wild Relatives of Rice, A Genetic Resources Handbook
Publication
 
Author
Vaughan D.A.
Website
http://irri.org/
Publisher
International Rice Research Institute; Philippines
Year
1994
ISBN
971-22-0057-4
Description
An excellent guide to the wild species of the genus Oryza. It gives good descriptions of the species, habitats etc and often gives details of uses. It can be downloaded from the Internet
].

Propagation

Seed. The seed of wild rice less than 12 months old often exhibits strong dormancy, which implies (though this has not been established) that the seed retains its viability for a considerable period[
1040
Title
The Wild Relatives of Rice, A Genetic Resources Handbook
Publication
 
Author
Vaughan D.A.
Website
http://irri.org/
Publisher
International Rice Research Institute; Philippines
Year
1994
ISBN
971-22-0057-4
Description
An excellent guide to the wild species of the genus Oryza. It gives good descriptions of the species, habitats etc and often gives details of uses. It can be downloaded from the Internet
].
Heat treatment is generally effective in breaking dormancy - alternating temperatures between 34°c for 16 hours then 11°c for 8 hours is usually effective, though the time taken varies between species[
1040
Title
The Wild Relatives of Rice, A Genetic Resources Handbook
Publication
 
Author
Vaughan D.A.
Website
http://irri.org/
Publisher
International Rice Research Institute; Philippines
Year
1994
ISBN
971-22-0057-4
Description
An excellent guide to the wild species of the genus Oryza. It gives good descriptions of the species, habitats etc and often gives details of uses. It can be downloaded from the Internet
].
Surface sow the seed in light shade and do not allow to dry out. Seed should germinate within 7 days at 30°c[
1040
Title
The Wild Relatives of Rice, A Genetic Resources Handbook
Publication
 
Author
Vaughan D.A.
Website
http://irri.org/
Publisher
International Rice Research Institute; Philippines
Year
1994
ISBN
971-22-0057-4
Description
An excellent guide to the wild species of the genus Oryza. It gives good descriptions of the species, habitats etc and often gives details of uses. It can be downloaded from the Internet
]. Prick out 2 - 3 seedlings into individual pots when large enough to handle and, after a few days, move to a sunny position. Grow on until large enough to plant out.
Cite as: Tropical Plants Database, Ken Fern. tropical.theferns.info. 2024-03-28. <tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Oryza%20officinalis>

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